It is used as a binding agent in the production of iron ore pellets, iron, steel and non-ferrous casting. In civil engineering applications it is used traditionally as a thixotropic, support and lubricant agent in diaphragm walls and foundations, in tunnelling, in horizontal directional drilling and pipe jacking. Due to its viscosity and plasticity, also is used in Portland cement and mortars. Bentonite's absorption properties are very useful for wastewater purification. Another conventional use of bentonite is as a mud constituent for oil and water well drilling. It is also utilized in the removal of impurities in oils where its adsorptive properties are crucial in the processing of edible oils and fats (Soya/palm/canola oil). In drinks such as beer, wine and mineral water, and in products like sugar or honey, bentonite is used as a clarification agent.

Bentonite is used as an animal feed supplement. It is used as a pharmaceutical filler in industrial protective creams, calamine lotion, wet compresses, and antiirritants for eczema. In medicine, bentonite is used as an antidote against heavy metal poisoning. Personal care products such as mud packs, sunburn paint, baby and facepowders, and face creams may all contain bentonite. Laundry detergents and liquid hand cleansers/soaps rely on the inclusion of bentonite, in order to remove the impurities in solvents and to soften the fabrics.. It is crucial for paper making, where it absorbs wood resins that tend to obstruct the machines and to improve the efficiency of conversion of pulp into paper as well as to improve the quality of the paper.