Dolomite is chiefly used as refractory, ramming, and fettling material in steel melting shop, and as fluxing material in blast furnace operation in secondary steel and ferromanganese manufacture. it is used in the glass industry especially in sheet-glass manufacture. It also finds use in the manufacture of mineral wool.

Dolomite is also a good source of magnesium metal. Dolomite decomposes completely above 900ºC. The product resulting from this relatively low-temperature calcination is highly porous and reactive and is known as 'calcinated dolomite'. As Dolomite is exposed to a high temperature of 1700ºC, converting it into Dead burnt (D.B.) it is used with or without additives, to produce dense, well-shrunk particles.

In basic converters the bricks employed are generally of D.B. dolomite and sometimes also of D.B. magnesite. Dolomite bricks are kept in the outer lining because it has lower thermal conductivity than magnesite.

Dolomite is used as an ornamental stone, as a raw material for the manufacture of cement, and as a source of magnesium oxide. It is an important petroleum reservoir rock, In horticulture, dolomite and dolomitic limestone are added to soils and soilless potting mixes to lower their acidity ("sweeten" them). In nutrition, dolomite is recommended as a dietary supplement as it constituets two important elemental nutrients calcium and magnesium.